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Terry Cartwright's Articles

  • With These Tips Taxi Driver Accounts Do Not Have To Be Taxing
    Taxi Drivers should not to bury their heads under the dashboard when it comes to producing a set of taxi driver accounts. Producing a set of taxi accounts without the use of a taxi accountant is possible and significantly easier if a professional taxi accounting software package is used.
  • Why Bookkeepers And Accountants Use Double Entry Bookkeeping
    Double entry bookkeeping is the technique employed by accounting software to accurately record financial transactions stretching back hundreds of years Double entry bookkeeping means every financial transaction has an equal and opposite effect which is checked using a trial balance prior to producing a profit and loss account and balance sheet.
  • Who Should Use The New Self Employment Tax Returns In The UK
    HMRC published new self-employment tax returns in April 2008 to replace the previous self assessment tax returns for self employed business in the UK. The self-employment tax returns are applicable from the financial year ending 5 April 2007. Similar to the previous self assessment forms the new tax returns are in two versions, full and short returns, dependent upon the level of sales income.
  • What To Include In The Financial Section Of A Successful Business Plan
    Guessing is not an option. Preparing the financial section of a business plan is more than scribbling some pleasing numbers on a sheet of paper. The end result of every business plan is not how great the business start up will be or the tremendous skills to be employed in the business but the bottom line.
  • What Happens Next After A UK Limited Liability Company Formation
    After forming a company in the UK the directors have a number of immediate responsibilities in regard to the newly registered company. Share certificates should be issued, statutory registers implemented and updated, affixing the company name and noting critical dates to avoid penalty fines and the implementation of a financial control system.
  • Vital Importance Of Small Business Accounting Software
    Many small businesses function in a completely introspective manner and while the talented entrepreneur can benefit greatly in these circumstances it can lead to failure in others. Small business accounting software is vital in many circumstances not least to broaden the management function to include accounting and finance.
  • Using Accounting Software To Make Your Business More Profitable
    Big business uses the financial function and accounting software to analyse and improve financial performance through financial control and the exploitation of opportunities. Small business has a serious problem of viewing accounting software as an administrative headache for annual tax purposes missing the valuable opportunities the financial system can provide.
  • UK Accounting Reference Dates For Private Limited Companies
    All companies and self employed businesses including dormant non trading companies have a legal requirement to keep a set of annual financial accounts for tax purposes. There are rules governing the accounting year end date at which the set of accounts is made up which have advantages and disadvantages to the business.
  • Top Self Employed Tax Questions That Save Money
    Avoid extra taxes, interest and penalties with these top tax questions which can save you money.
  • Top Paye Questions Answered
    Employers and particularly new employers ask a variety of questions in administering the PAYE scheme. The top questions and answers include tax codes, week 1 basis, employee or self employment status, national insurance, statutory sick pay and what happens when an employee does not provide a P45 from previous employment.
  • Tips So Taxi Driver Accounts Do Not Have To Be Taxing
    Taxi Drivers should not to bury their heads under the dashboard when it comes to producing a set of taxi driver accounts. Producing a set of taxi accounts without the use of a taxi accountant is possible and significantly easier if a professional taxi accounting software package is used.
  • The Revenue Budget Is An Essential Management Information Tool
    The revenue budget is an essential business management accounting tool monitoring actual financial performance against the approved financial targets. Fixing a budget produces few tangible improvements in financial performance unless it is structured to reflect the financial performance of individual activity areas and management responsibility within the business.
  • The Credit Crisis Is Fuelled By Fuel Prices
    Much of the financial crisis in the world is caused by a lack of confidence between banks and financial institutions and their clients which are symptoms of the credit crunch not the root cause. Changing the supply and demand for oil which is the root cause would restore confidence and avoid financial turmoil.
  • The Answers To Top Self Employed Tax Questions That Save Money
    Avoid extra taxes, interest and penalties with these top tax questions which can save you money.
  • Taxi Drivers Pay Higher Taxes Missing Out On Capital Tax Allowances
    Taxi drivers who employ a taxi accountant to prepare their taxi accounts may or may not be at risk of under claiming capital tax allowances. Many drivers who prepare their own taxi driver accounts may not have the expert capital tax allowance knowledge to minimise their tax liability.
  • Tax Investigations Are An Uneven Match Between Small Business And The Tax Inspector
    The vast majority of tax returns are not enquired into by HMRC and are accepted as reasonable. When HMRC investigate the tax return of a small business the inadequacies of the accounting, lack of knowledge by the enquired and professionalism by the tax inspector often results in a higher tax bill.
  • Stave Off Business Problems Before They Become Critical With Accounting Software
    Running a business and ignoring or having inadequate accounting software is like building a house on top of a bonfire and not bothering to fit a fire alarm. Many small businesses run into difficulties sooner or later, it is a fact of business life. Timing and how those crises are dealt with are critical to both the success and in some cases survival of the business.
  • Small Business Accounting Software That Fills In Your Tax Return
    Small business accounting software UK package can be s a series of templates written on excel spreadsheets, suitable for any self-employed business whether vat registered or not producing an automated monthly profit and loss account and an excel copy of the self assessment tax return form as the end products.
  • Small Business Accounting Software Selection And Priorities
    Maintaining accounting records can be difficult for any business, especially self employed and small business organisations where a lack of accounting knowledge can be prohibitive. Selecting the right accounting software for your business can seriously improve financial performance.
  • Small Business Accounting Software Equals Simple Bookkeeping Spreadsheets
    There is a major difference between sophisticated accounting software used by larger businesses for financial control purposes than is required for small business where a simple bookkeeping spreadsheet is sufficient.
  • Simple Way to Limited Liability Company Formation
    Registration of a limited liability company in the UK is not a complex business. Four documents are required to create a limited liability company. Documents which are available quite cheaply including the main company registration forms which are free.
  • Simple Company Accounting Software That Produces Final Accounts For Publication
    Accounting software for UK limited liability companies can be a series of bookkeeping templates on excel spreadsheets to produce an automated monthly profit and loss account and a set of final company accounts with balance sheet and notes ready for publication.
  • Seven Essential Requirements of a Memorandum of Association
    Every company registered in the UK must have a Memorandum of Association that defines the scope, powers and objects of the limited liability company. The Memorandum of Association is vitally important as any transactions deemed to be outside the objects are not legally enforceable.
  • Self-employed Accounting Software Fills In Self Assessment Tax Return
    Accounting Software for the self employed businessman in the UK does not have to be complex. The most important requirement being a simple package that automatically produces the Self Assessment tax return.
  • Save Money With Vat Schemes and the Vat Threshold Knowledge Base
    Value added tax is a tax payable by any taxable person or business on sales income unless exempted or zero rated when the annual level of sales reaches the vat threshold limit, raised to 64,000 pounds p.a. from 1st April 2007. Register for vat when the vat threshold is reached to enable vat input tax to be reclaimed and minimise vat liability with a vat scheme.
  • Sales Accounting For Profit With Accounting Software
    Many small businesses concentrate on the job in hand and treat bookkeeping as an administrative burden. By adopting suitable accounting software as an essential tool of the business the financial performance can be improved by taking positive management action on the sales and profit generated.
  • Rules Governing Articles Of Association And Company Formation
    The Articles of Association of a limited liability company are an essential element of any limited company formation since the Articles of Association set out the rules and regulations by which the internal affairs of the company are governed.
  • Registering Self Employment And The Self Assessment Tax Return Form
    If you start a business and become self employed in the UK you are required to register the self employment within three months of starting up the new business. Having registered as self employed you will then be required to complete the inland revenue self assessment tax return form each year.
  • Reduce UK Tax Bills By Knowing What Business Expenses To Claim
    Tax bills can be reduced if all allowable business expenses are included in costs and receipts retained as supporting evidence. While all business expenses can be claimed it would not be unusual for particularly inexperienced small businesses to fail to claim some business expenses due to uncertainty over what constitutes a valid business expense.
  • Producing a Successful Business Plan To Start A New Business
    Every new business start up has a business plan that varies in sophistication from a few brief thoughts, an idea or aspiration to a formal written document setting out all major elements. Preparing a business plan is essential if grants are to be applied for or money is being borrowed to fund the start up. The strong message being that potential lenders regard a business plan as essential
  • Practical Self Employed Tax Tips to Save you Money
    UK Self employment carries the responsibility to sort out your own tax affairs, the first tip is to maintain good records of business income and expenses to minimise tax liability. With tax rates of up to 40%, tax is an essential area to achieve a degree of competence. Small Business Accounting Software and Payroll Software templates can ease the record keeping.
  • Personal Qualities Required To Be An Entrepreneur And Start Your Own Business
    The success of every small business and especially a new start up business is dependent upon the personal qualities and abilities of the small business owner. Some skills and abilities are more important than others to an entrepreneur but rarely are all qualities are required and invariably some are essential to start your own business and make it a success.
  • Payroll Software That Does The Administration Work
    DIY Accounting Payroll Software is unusually written on a series of excel spreadsheet templates,
    Three versions of the small business payroll system are available dependent upon the number of employees, being a payroll solution for up to 5 employees, up to 10 employees and up to 20 employees
  • Pay As You Earn Wages And Salaries Tax Scheme Explained
    The PAYE system is a payroll administration system whereby employers deduct on a weekly or monthly basis income tax and national insurance contributions from employees wages and salaries. The PAYE administration involves the calculation of deductions, often performed by payroll software, and the tax returns and forms required by the tax authority which in the UK is the Inland Revenue.
  • Not Knowing The Rules Governing Employee Or Self Employed Status Could Cost Thousands
    When there is a doubt over status of a worker being an employee or self employed the employer must make the correct decision or face potential serious penalties relating to a change in status that can be applied retrospectively. In the absence of comprehensive legislation guidelines have emerged and must be applied to avoid potential unexpected liabilities of tens of thousands of pounds.
  • Managing Stock Levels Can See Off The Credit Crunch By Improving Cash Flow
    When times get hard and 2008 has all the hallmarks of being a difficult financial year control over cash flow is critical. The best defence in these days of the credit crunch is to introduce and monitor cash flow liquidity at the earliest stage of which stock levels and inventory control can be crucial elements.
  • Lower Tax Bills And Bookkeeping For Small Business
    Financial record keeping and bookkeeping by small business is occasionally accurate but often produced once a year for tax purposes. By maintaining a diary, retaining all receipts and updating the accounting records on a regular weekly or monthly basis small business can seriously account for all costs and reduce the final tax bill.
  • Increase Small Business Profits Through Business Review And Planning
    There are several ways a business can improve profitability. The single most important tip for a small business owner is to take time out from the day to day routine and focus on the business and its activities. Emphasis being placed upon cost management a financial budget and business plan which should include sales and working capital requirements
  • How To Set A Selling Price For Your Product Or Service
    Setting the price at which a business sells its products or services is one of the most crucial decisions a business must make. Setting a selling price too low throws money away while setting a price too high loses sales volume and inhibits growth.
  • How To Produce Taxi Driver Accounts Plus Tax Returns In Less Than 2 Hours
    DIY Accounting produce a taxi driver accounts package for taxi drivers in the UK which consists of a series of templates written on excel spreadsheets, suitable for both taxi and courier / van drivers who wish to produce their own accounts with the benefit of generating an excel copy of the self assessment tax return form.
  • How To Pay Less Tax By Claiming Mileage Allowance Expenses
    Mileage allowances are approved rates at which anyone in the UK using a private vehicle for business journeys can claim tax free expenses for that journey. Small businesses can legally increase the tax allowance claimed by keeping better records of business journeys in the small business accounts.
  • How To Keep Accurate Corporation Tax Records
    Corporation Tax is a tax on company taxable income or profits. A company being any limited company whether by shares or guarantee, members clubs and associations, trade and housing associations and co-operative groups. A company tax return consists of the completed Corporation Tax Return form CT600 and the annual financial accounts and statements which support the tax calculation.
  • How To Avoid Vat Inspection Problems
    Trained vat officers inspect company accounts on a regular basis and know exactly the types of errors likely to be uncovered. The article explains how to avoid problems by keeping accurate accounting records and the most common mistakes businesses make.
  • How Payroll Software Can Reduce The Paye Administration Burden
    If you are an employer then the paye administrative burden of maintaining payroll records will be time consuming. The financial information within the paye administration is highly sensitive and must be scrupulously accurate since it may be inspected by the Inland Revenue and also carries legal responsibilities to the employees. Payroll Software can carry the paye burden.
  • Getting Paid On Time And Debt Recovery When The Credit Crunch Bites
    Making sure customers pay on time within the terms and conditions of the business is a serious issue and critical in days of a credit crunch, Late payments and bad debts cause liquidity and cash flow problems and in the most crucial cases can force a business into insolvency.
  • Financial Control Under A Self Employed Single Entry Bookkeeping System
    Single entry bookkeeping is an accounting practise that can be employed by small business and in particular self employed business where a balance sheet is not required for financial control or tax purposes. A self employed bookkeeping system is basically the production of an income and expenditure account to produce a net taxable profit for tax purposes.
  • Explaining Income And Expenditure Sections Of The Self Assessment Tax Return
    Every self employed businessman in the UK is required to complete a self assessment tax return form and requires accurate accounting records to support the tax return. These notes explain how those accounting records should be entered in the income and expenditure section of the self assessment tax return form.
  • Essential Knowledge Base of Payroll Systems for New Employers
    Every employer operating a paye scheme must have an understanding of the HMCE payroll essentials. Payroll essentials that payroll software packages satisfy include both the knowledge to correctly calculate income tax and national insurance plus legal obligations to each employee.
  • Double Entry Bookkeeping Versus Single Entry Bookkeeping
    Bookkeeping is the function of recording the prime financial documents of a business usually by a bookkeeper or accounts clerk. The bookkeeping system adopted has to be based upon double entry principles for all limited companies but a single entry self employed bookkeeping system for smaller organisations can be adopted if a statement of assets and liabilities is not required.
  • Do It Yourself Limited Liability Company Formation
    Registration of a limited liability company in the UK is not a complex business. Four documents are required to create a limited liability company. Documents which are available quite cheaply including the main company registration forms which are free.
  • DIY Accounting Software Installation Questions And Answers
    A number of questions arise when clients buy an excel spreadsheet package the majority which involve a misunderstanding of the installation procedures to be followed and in some cases not knowing that to run an excel package then either an excel program or an open source spreadsheet package must be installed.
  • DIY Accounting Small Business Accounting Software Questions And Answers
    DIY Accounting small business accounting software package is a series of accounting templates written on excel accounting spreadsheets, suitable for UK self employed business whether producing an automated monthly profit and loss account and self employed tax return form. These notes detail the typical questions and answers by clients.
  • DIY Accounting Payroll Software Questions And Answers
    Common questions and answers from clients of DIY Accounting regarding the payroll software, payslips, income tax calculation that are asked by clients having never previously operated a paye system or are new to this particular payroll software package.
  • DIY Accounting Cabsmart Taxi Driver Accounts Software Questions And Answers
    Questions relating to the DIY Accounting cabsmart package for taxi drivers are not frequent however the most common questions and the answers which have arisen over the past few years assist other cab drivers who may encounter similar taxi accounts questions.
  • Deciding Between Bookkeeping Software And Bookkeeping Services
    All small businesses have to choose between keeping manual records of financial transactions and the benefits, advantages and disadvantages of utilising bookkeeping software and or employing bookkeeping services for this purpose. The correct choice will vary from business to business but a choice should be made to achieve the best financial performance.
  • Cost Accounting For Profit With Accounting Software
    Small business often accepts business expenses as inevitable and while some effort is usually made to keep expenses down it is often done without reference to the accounts. Maintaining a regular system of bookkeeping using suitable accounting software can assist the cost accounting for profit exercise by providing the source and extent of the actions to be taken.
  • Choices To Be Made With Small Business Payroll Software
    The benefits to be considered when choosing a payroll software package that rpovides the solution required to reduce administration time. make the calculations and generally do the business for you.
  • Cash Flow Management of Debtors And Creditors In A Credit Crunch
    Cash flow management is a critical of the financial control that every business must get right to survive. Debtors and creditors represent two major areas which business might address to ensure sufficient liquidity and working capital to survive the credit crunch and continue in business to generate profit.
  • Cash Flow Management Issues Relating To Funding And Investment In A Credit Crunch
    Cash flow management is a critical business area every business must get right to survive. This article suggests a number of areas that a business might address to ensure the business have sufficient liquidity and working capital to survive the credit crunch and continue in business to generate profit.
  • Cash Flow Early Warning Signs Are Critical When The Credit Crunch Bites
    Preparing a cash flow forecast can be an effective business tool in identifying adverse liquidity trends within a business at the earliest stages. Of particular importance during a credit crunch when cash flow is tight the cash flow forecast can indicate where positive action is required before those warning signs become critical.
  • Cash Accounting Or Accrual Accounting
    Every business is required by the tax authority to keep bookkeeping records to enable the net taxable profit or loss to be calculated. While complex accounting systems can be appropriate in some circumstances the choice for small business is basically cash accounting or accrual accounting.
  • Capital Tax Allowances And The Self Assessment Tax Return Form
    To accurately complete the self assessment tax return requires the self employed businessman to understand the tax system as applied to capital allowances that can be claimed against fixed assets. A potential difficult area for the non accountant these notes explain what capital allowances are and briefly how to calculate the capital allowances which reduce the net tax payable.
  • Business Tax Reform In The UK Introduces Annual Investment Allowance
    From 1st April 2008 for small limited companies and 6th April for unincorporated self employed businesses in the UK the previous capital allowance structure of first year allowances and writing down allowances changes to a combination of annual investment allowances and writing down allowances.
  • Bookkeeping Software Spreadsheets Are Essential Small Business Accounting Tools
    Accurate financial records must be kept by every business and bookkeeping software spreadsheets can satisfy this requirement. Further by adopting a simple accounting system the small business can use the bookkeeping spreadsheets to both manage financial control over the business and complete the essential task of reporting for tax purposes.
  • Benefits of Outsourcing Payroll Against Payroll Software
    Every business that employs people is responsible for using a payroll system and the alternatives are for the business to arrange for outsourcing payroll, use a payroll software package or produce the payroll calculations manually. Each function has both benefits and disadvantages mainly concerned with time, money knowledge required.
  • Beat the Credit Squeeze With Flexible Business Finance
    Five proactive steps a business can take to beat the credit squeeze including business finance, planning and taking a positive approach to meeting and solving the problems that might arise.
  • Basic Bookkeeping For Small Business Can Save Money
    Every business is required to keep a set of financial records to enable those accounts to be submitted and the tax payable calculated. Bookkeeping is the prime stage in keeping those books and at its most basic level does not require high levels of accounting knowledge and experience and accountant fees can be saved.
  • Balance Sheet Comprises A Statement Of Assets And Liabilities
    The balance sheet is a financial statement of the assets and liabilities of a business or organisation at a specific date. The main balances reported being separated between fixed and current assets, current and long term liabilities to provide a snapshot of the financial standing of the business.
  • Avoid UK Tax Problems By Knowing What Business Expenses Are Disallowed
    Not all expenses can be claimed as valid business expenses for tax purposes. In a number of areas there is a grey area when an expense could be a business or private expense or may be a business expense used for private purposes. Tax problems can be avoided by understanding which expenses are allowed for tax purposes and which are not allowed.
  • Annual Return And Accounting Rules For A UK Dormant Company
    Rules apply to dormant companies in the UK with regard to accounting documents and submission of information to companies house that needs attention even if the company has not traded during its financial year. Dormant companies risked being fined if these rules are ignored.
  • An Introduction To Registration And Accounting For Value Added Tax
    Value added tax is the tax amount added to the value of goods and services by a vat registered business when sold or transferred. Vat is not charged by businesses that are not registered for vat. This guide covers the vat threshold, accounting for value added tax, registration and submitting the quarterly vat tax return online.
  • Advantages of Limited Liability Company Formation
    The essentials ingredients required for company formation in the UK. Tax advantages are an important consideration with corporation tax changing over the next period from 2007 - 2010 while incorporation of a limited liability company carries several other advantages and disadvantages.
  • Accounting Software Can Be Sophisticated Or Simple But Rarely Both
    Many types of accounting software exist to record the financial transactions of business and provide the management with financial control to achieve the profit and loss performance required. The correct choice is highly dependent upon the size of the business and the degree of sophistication and financial control required.
  • Accounting Periods And Basis Periods For Self Employed Business
    Accounts are required each year for tax and financial control purposes with preset dates by which those accounting records must be submitted and penalties for failure to deliver on time.
    While in the UK self employed business can use its own accounting period the tax position can become more complex if the accounts use a basis period rather than the standard financial tax year.
  • Accounting For Profit With Marginal Costing
    Marginal costing is an accounting term in which costs and expenses are identified by their variability according to the volume of goods bought or produced. By analysing costs according to the variability in prices can significantly improve profit efficiency levels within a business.
  • Accounting And Audit Exemptions For Small Companies In The UK
    Small and medium sized companies in the UK can take advantage of supplying abbreviated year end accounts to Companies House which have not been audited by independent accountants. This guide sets out the conditions under which abbreviated accounts can be submitted.
  • A UK Employee Can Claim Tax Relief Using Their Vehicle For Work
    Employees in the UK who use their own vehicle for work can claim tax free expenses. If an employee keeps records of business journeys and the amounts paid by an employer the employee may also be entitled to receive mileage allowance relief in addition to those expenses for the past six years.

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